Background Research
The Library has a large number of subject specific online encyclopedias with up-to-date articles on your paper topic. They will lead you to exhaustive and well-researched essays that are written by scholars in the field. Jump start your research with valuable background information, a detailed overview and/or a bibliography of current research.
- Sage Reference Online
Find relevant essays in the complete collection of Sage online encyclopedias.
- 21st Century Criminology: A Reference Handbook
(2009)
See entries on The Police: Historical & Contemporary Perspectives, Police-Community Relations, and more.
- Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology
(2007)
See entries on Police, Organizations as Coercive Institutions, and more.
- Encyclopedia of Crime & Justice
(2002)
See entries on Careers in Criminal Justice: Police, History of Police, Community Policing, Criminal Investigations, Organization and Management of Police, and more.
- Encyclopedia of Law Enforcement
(2005)
See entries on Affirmative Action in Policing, Education of Police, "Broken Windows" or Incivilities Thesis, and more.
- Blackwell Companion to Criminology
(2004)
See chapter 25: Two Realities of Police Communication by Colin Sumner.
- Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment
(2002)
See entries on Police Strategies and Operations, Police Attitudes and Behavior, Comparative Policing, and more.
- New book titles on the state of policing in the U.S.
For more criminal justice encyclopedias consult the Criminal Justice Subject Guide.
OpenCRS - Congressional Research Reports for the PeopleA project of the Center for Democracy & Technology through the cooperation of several organizations and collectors of Congressional Research Service Reports, Open CRS provides citizens access to CRS Reports already in the public domain and encourages Congress to provide public access to all CRS Reports
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Scholarly Journal Articles
- Criminal Justice Abstracts
Covers crime trends, crime prevention and deterrence, juvenile delinquency, juvenile justice, police, courts, punishment and sentencing. The database contains indexes and summaries of international journal articles, books, and governmental and non-governmental reports on a wide range of topics in criminal justice.
Important features on the search screen:

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Formatting references in APA style
- National Criminal Justice Reference Service Abstracts
The NCJRS database covers the fields of law enforcement and criminal justice. It contains summaries of more than 190,000 publications including books, government reports, research reports, and unpublished research. It also includes content from 189 journals, including 12 with core coverage.
- Opposing Viewpoints Resources in Context
Access information on social issues through viewpoint articles, topic overviews, statistics, primary documents, links to web sites and full-text magazine and newspaper articles.
- Sociological Abstracts
Indexes scholarly journals in the field of sociology.
- Find further indexes on the Criminal Justice Subject Guide or ask for recommendations.
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Last Modified: Friday, August 31st, 2012