The Library has a large collection of reference works, most of them in electronic format, but some classics are still only available in print. Use the custom search box below to search across most of the Library's electronic encyclopedias, handbooks, and companions.
Bloomsbury History: Theory & MethodPresents a wide and growing selection of essays on theory, methods and historiography including the four-volume survey
Historiography: Critical Readings edited by Q. Edward Wang.
Cambridge Companions Online (Cambridge University Press)Scholarly introductions to major writers, artists, philosophers, topics, and periods.
Cambridge Histories Online (Cambridge University Press)Search across all the Cambridge Histories or browse individual volumes.
Gale eBooksA large collection of academic encyclopedias and dictionaries by various publishers.
Oxford Bibliographies (Oxford University Press) Tutorial
Presents peer-reviewed, annotated bibliographies and expert commentary on current scholarship in selected disciplines.
Oxford Handbooks Online (Oxford University Press)Provides digital access in selected disciplines. Each handbook introduces and surveys the state of scholarship in a field of study through review articles written by leading subject specialists. Articles review key issues and debates and set the agenda for new research. Villanova University does not have access to the complete collection. Access print handbooks through the Library's
print collection and/or interlibrary loan services.
Oxford Research Encyclopedias (Oxford University Press)Offers peer-reviewed topical introductions and literature reviews written by well-regarded authorities. Available subjects include African history, American history, Asian history, and Latin American history. New topics are regularly added.
Wiley Online LibraryProvides full text access to Wiley publications covering life, health, and physical sciences, social sciences, and the humanities.
ONLINE RESOURCES GATEWAY
Featured Resources
BBC Shakespeare PlaysFeatures a series of television adaptations from the 1980s, digitally remastered and streamed in their entirety as well as act by act. Includes image galleries with stills for each production that permit close scrutiny of costumes and scenery.
Cambridge Companions Online (Cambridge University Press)Provides access to the complete collection of Cambridge Companions, a series of authoritative guides to subject- or theme-based essay collections, written by leading experts. Areas covered include literature, classics, philosophy, religion, culture and music.
Oxford Bibliographies (Oxford University Press) Tutorial
Presents peer-reviewed, annotated bibliographies and expert commentary on current scholarship in selected disciplines. Villanova University has access to the following bibliographies: African American Studies, Art History, Atlantic History, Biblical Studies, British and Irish Literature, Buddhism, Cinema and Media Studies, Classics, Communication, Criminology, Environmental Science, Geography, International Relations, Islamic Studies, Latin American Studies, Management, Medieval Studies, Philosophy, Political Science, Psychology, Renaissance and Reformation, and Victorian Literature.
Oxford Research Encyclopedias (Oxford University Press)Offers peer-reviewed topical introductions and literature reviews written by well-regarded authorities. Available in selected subject areas. New topics are regularly added.
Databases and Citation Indexes
Avery Index to Architectural Periodicals (ProQuest)Indexes academic journals, book and exhibition reviews, interviews, and obituaries in the fields of architecture, city planning, interior design, historic preservation, and archaeology. Includes abstracts of journal articles. Published by the Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library at Columbia University. Coverage goes back to 1934.
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Classical and Medieval Literature Criticism (Gale)A source of wide-ranging critical opinion on early literature, this series contains excerpts from criticism through the ages on the works of philosophers, poets and playwrights, political leaders, scientists, mathematicians and writers from other genres. Students writing a term paper on an author, work, topic, theme or idea, will find this series a helpful first resource. Approximately 90-95% of critical essays are full text. Entries feature biography and textual history, bibliographies of the writer's works, criticism and more. The titles of works are searchable. Reprints also available from
Literature Resource Center.
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Essay & General Literature Index (EBSCO)Indexes essay collections with emphasis on the humanities and social sciences.
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International Medieval Bibliography (Brepols)Indexes and abstracts articles, book reviews, and book chapters. Covers all aspects of medieval studies within the date range of 400 to 1500 for the entire continent of Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa.
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JSTORProvides a full text archive of academic journals and books in the humanities, social sciences, and mathematics. The most recent three to five years of a journal are usually not included.
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Année Philologique: Bibliography of the Classical World (Brepols)Indexes and abstracts journal articles, books, book chapters, conference proceedings, and theses relating to all aspects of ancient Greek and Roman civilizations from 200 B.C. to roughly 800 A.D. Includes publications in many languages with abstracts in the major European languages. Coverage extends back to the early 20th century.
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Literature Criticism Online (Gale)Provides compilations of literary criticism. Includes the complete runs of
Classical and Medieval Literature Criticism,
Contemporary Literary Criticism,
Drama Criticism,
Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800,
Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism,
Poetry Criticism,
Shakespearean Criticism,
Short Story Criticism, and
Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism.
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Literature Criticism from 1400-1800 (Gale)Turn to this authoritative international resource for complete critical coverage of the careers and works of the greatest writers and thinkers of the late Middle Ages, the Renaissance and the Restoration eras. Detailed entries offer students and other researchers access to a variety of important interpretations of historical periods, literary trends and topics, and the achievements of noteworthy individuals. Provides full-text or excerpted criticism reproduced from books, magazines, literary reviews, newspapers and scholarly journals.
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Literature Resource Center (Gale)Provides full text access to critical essays, work and topic overviews, texts from literary magazines, biographies, and more. Covers a wide range of authors including novelists, poets, essayists, and journalists.
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OmniFile Full Text Mega (EBSCO)Offers indexing, abstracts, and selected full text for journals and magazines on a variety of subjects, including art, education, humanities, law, social sciences and technology. Good starting point for interdisciplinary research.
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Opposing Viewpoints in Context (Gale)Access information on social issues through viewpoint articles, topic overviews, statistics, primary documents, links to web sites and full text magazine and newspaper articles.
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Philosophy Documentation Center CollectionProvides full text access to 110 scholarly philosophy journals and indexing information for 100 more. All content can also be found through the PhilPapers database when used on campus.
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Project MuseProvides full-text access to books and journals in the arts, humanities, and social sciences.
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Digital text collections
ATLA Historical Monographs Collection - Series 1: 1200-1893 (EBSCO)Features digital copies of the American Theological Library Association's historical monograph collection. Covers topics such as church life, doctrinal disputes, Judeo-Christian religions, non-Western religions, and social movements and reflects religious thought and practice in the Western world up to the 19th century.
ATLA Historical Monographs Collection - Series 2: 1894-1923 (EBSCO)Features digital copies of the American Theological Library Association's historical monograph collection. Covers topics such as church life, doctrinal disputes, Judeo-Christian religions, non-Western religions, and social movements and reflects religious thought and practice in the Western world from the late 19th to the early 20th century.
Catholic News Archive (Catholic Research Resources Alliance) Tutorial
Provides open access to selected U.S. Catholic newspapers from the early 19th century to the late 20th century.
Digital Karl Barth Library (Alexander Street Press)Online compilation of the works of theologian Karl Barth (1886-1968) including: The Church Dogmatics in English with the original Die kirchliche Dogmatik; the 43 volumes of Barth's Gesamtausgabe; some additional works in German; and English translations of specific texts, with new content added quarterly.
Documents of the Second Vatican Council (Vatican II)via the Vatican Web Site
Early American Imprints, Series I: Evans, 1639-1800 (Readex)Features most of the books, pamphlets, and broadsides printed in America between 1639 and 1800. Titles were selected based on Charles Evans's American Bibliography.
Early American Imprints, Series II: Shaw-Shoemaker, 1801-1819 (Readex)Features most of the books, pamphlets, and broadsides published in America from 1801 through 1819. Contains many state papers and government reports. Titles were selected based on Ralph Shaw's and Richard H. Shoemaker's American Bibliography.
Early English Books Online (ProQuest) Tutorial
Provides access to digital page images of virtually every work printed in England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, and British North America and works in English printed elsewhere from 1473 to 1700. Includes books, pamphlets, manuscripts, and newspapers. For searchable text of selected titles see Early English Books Online -Text Creation Partnership.
Eighteenth Century Collections Online: Parts I&II (Gale)Offers full text access to nearly every English-language and foreign-language title printed in the United Kingdom, alongside thousands of works published in the Americas, between 1701 and 1800. Consists of books, pamphlets, broadsides, and ephemera. Multiple editions of individual works are offered where they add scholarly value or contain important differences.
Hathi Trust Digital LibraryProvides full text access to digital copies of books, pamphlets, and journals available in the public domain. Most of the freely available texts are pre-1923 imprints and government documents. Also allows full-text searching of millions of publications that are still under copyright in order to aid discovery of relevant materials. The Hathi Trust collection largely mirrors content available through
Google Books, but only the latter platform permits the exports of public domain content.
Loeb Classical Library (Harvard University Press)Offers online access to authoritative editions of Greek and Latin texts. English translations appear on facing pages, following the format of the print editions. The collection is searchable in English and in the original language. Also available in
print.
Past Masters (InteLex)Contains selected full text of scholarly editions of many philosophers, theologians and literary writers: Anselm, Aquinas, Aristotle, Augustine, Austen, Chesterton, Descartes, Dewey, Feuerbach, Fichte, Foucault, Francis of Assisi, Hegel, Hobbes, Hume, Kant, Kierkegaard, Leibniz, Locke, Luther, Machiavelli, Marx and Engels, Merleau-Ponty, Montesquieu, Newman, Nietzsche, Ockham, Pascal, Peirce, Plato, Poinsot, Royce, Santayana, Schopenhauer, Shelley, Spinoza, Synge, Wittgenstein and Wollstonecraft, as well as collections for British Philosophy 1600-1900, The Continental Rationalists, The Latin Background: 1100-1550, and The Romantic Age.
Sabin Americana, 1500-1926 (Gale)Offers digital access to books, pamphlets, serials, and other sources published worldwide from 1500 to the early 20th century and documenting the history of the Americas. Titles were selected based on Joseph Sabin's Bibliotheca Americana.
Selected Online Resources
American National Biography Online (Oxford University Press)Presents authoritative biographies of influential people who lived in what is now the United States. Covers only deceased subjects. Includes portraits, if available, and bibliographies with citations to works by and about featured individuals.
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Cambridge Companions Online (Cambridge University Press)Provides access to the complete collection of Cambridge Companions, a series of authoritative guides to subject- or theme-based essay collections, written by leading experts. Areas covered include literature, classics, philosophy, religion, culture and music.
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Dictionary of Literary Biography Complete Online (Gale)Provides full text access to biographical and critical essays on important literary figures from all eras, genres, and geographic areas. Many essays include manuscript pages, portraits, excerpts of criticism, bibliographies, and more. Electronic access extends back to 1978.
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EZBorrow and Interlibrary LoanInterlibrary loans are
only available for books and journals which are not owned by Falvey. The EZBorrow service can be used for books which the library owns, but which are currently checked out. EZBorrow books are provided by a local library network and tend to arrive faster than interlibrary loans.
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Encyclopedia of World Biography (Gale)Includes entries of approximately 7,000 biographies on notables from every part of the world and from all time periods.
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Falvey Library CatalogThe Library's catalog enables patrons to search & browse Falvey Library’s collection of books, journals, audio/video materials, electronic resources and more.
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Literature Resource Center (Gale)Provides full text access to critical essays, work and topic overviews, texts from literary magazines, biographies, and more. Covers a wide range of authors including novelists, poets, essayists, and journalists.
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New Dictionary of the History of Ideas
New Pauly Online (cluster search)Searches: Brill´s New Pauly, Der Neue Pauly, and all English and German supplements.
Includes:
Brill’s New Pauly + supplements:
- Chronologies of the Ancient World - Names, Dates and Dynasties
- Dictionary of Greek and Latin Authors and Texts
- Historical Atlas of the Ancient World
- The Reception of Myth and Mythology
- The Reception of Classical Literature
- History of classical Scholarship - A Biographical Dictionary
- Figures of Antiquity and their Reception in Art, Literature and Music
- The Reception of Antiquity in Renaissance Humanism
Der Neue Pauly + supplements:
- Herrscherchronologien der antiken Welt: Namen, Daten, Dynastien
- Geschichte der antiken Texte: Autoren- und Werklexikon
- Historischer Atlas der antiken Welt
- Rezeptions- und Wissenschaftsgeschichte: Register zu den Bänden 13-15/3 des Neuen Pauly
- Mythenrezeption: Die antike Mythologie in Literatur, Musik und Kunst von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart
- Geschichte der Altertumswissenschaften: Biographisches Lexikon
- Die Rezeption der antiken Literatur
- Historische Gestalten
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Oxford Classical Dictionary (4th ed., 2012)
Oxford Dictionary of Christian Art & Architecture
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press)Presents authoritative biographies of influential people who lived in Britain. Covers only deceased subjects. Includes portraits, if available, and bibliographies with citations to works by and about featured individuals.
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Oxford Encyclopedia of American LiteratureThe database includes essays on poets, playwrights, essayists, and novelists, as well as major works and essays on literary movements, periods, themes and encompasses the range and depth of American literary history from the 1600s to the present day.
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Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and RomeOffers a comprehensive overview of the major cultures of the classical Mediterranean world -- Greek, Hellenistic, and Roman -- from the Bronze Age to the fifth century CE. It also covers the legacy of the classical world and its interpretation and influence in subsequent centuries.
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Oxford Encyclopedia of British Literature
Oxford English Dictionary (Oxford University Press)Contains the complete text of the second edition of the 20-volume Dictionary. Presents authoritative information on words in the English language, including their form, definition, history, pronunciation, and etymology. Approximately 1,000 new and revised entries are added on a quarterly basis.
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Oxford dictionary of the Christian Church, 3rd ed. rev.
Oxford Companion to Classical LiteraturePresents the essential facts about the authors, tales, and characters from ancient myth and literature, but it also places these details in the wider contexts of the history and society of the Greek and Roman worlds. Has extensive biographies of classical literary figures, entries on a multitude of literary styles, many thematic and character entries, and plot summaries for the major figures and myths in the classical canon. Includes an extensive web of cross-references and a useful chronological table and location maps.
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Thesaurus Linguae Latinae onlineTLL is the most comprehensive Latin dictionary in the world, comprehensively covering Latin texts from the classical period up to about 600 A.D. The TLL online is a searchable database for all the content available in the print edition. Click here to view a PDF of the publisher's
user guide for TLL online. Click here to view a PDF of
the TLL's Praemonenda/Introduction in English. The print volumes of the TLL are
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WorldCat (FirstSearch)Presents a combined catalog of the catalogs of more than 10,000 libraries worldwide. WorldCat highlights publications available at Villanova University. Other items can be requested via an inter-library loan request form.
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Streamed Video Collections
BBC Shakespeare PlaysFeatures a series of television adaptations from the 1980s, digitally remastered and streamed in their entirety as well as act by act. Includes image galleries with stills for each production that permit close scrutiny of costumes and scenery.
Legacy of Ancient CivilizationsIncludes: Ancient Arabia, Carthage and the Phoenicians, The Minoans, The Mycenaeans, Thera Santorini, Troy and Pergamum.
Royal Shakespeare Company CollectionOffers modern high-definition recordings of Shakespeare's dramatic canon, along with supplemental teaching materials to help students engage more deeply with the material and enhance the overall learning experience.
INDEX OF NOTABLE AUTHORS AND ANONYMOUS WORKS
WITH LINKS TO LIBRARY CATALOG
Acton, John Emerich Edward Dalberg Acton, Baron, 1834-1902.
Aeschylus.
Ambrose, Saint, Bishop of Milan, d. 397.
Anselm, Saint, Archbishop of Canterbury, 1033-1109.
Apuleius.
Aristophanes.
Aristotle.
Auden, W. H., 1907-1973.
Augustine, of Hippo, Saint, 354-430.
Austen, Jane, 1775-1817.
Bacon, Francis, 1561-1626.
Balthasar, Hans Urs von, 1905-1988.
Baptista, Mantuanus, 1448-1516.
Barfield, Owen, 1898-1997.
Baudelaire, Charles, 1821-1867.
Beckett, Samuel, 1906-1989.
Belloc, Hilaire, 1870-1953.
Benedict XVI, Pope (née Joseph Ratzinger, b. 1927).
Benson, Robert Hugh, 1871-1914.
Beowulf, and other Old English epic poetry.
Berry, Wendell, b. 1934.
Blake, William, 1757-1827.
Boccaccio, Giovanni, 1313-1375.
Boethius, d. 524.
Borges, Jorge Luis, 1899-1986.
Bouyer, Louis, 1913-2004.
Brecht, Bertolt, 1898-1956.
Brontë, Anne, 1820-1849.
Brontë, Charlotte, 1816-1855.
Brontë, Emily, 1818-1848.
Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, 1806-1861.
Browning, Robert, 1812-1889.
Burke, Edmund, 1729-1797.
Byron, George Gordon Byron, Baron, 1788-1824.
Calvino, Italo, 1923-1985.
Camus, Albert, 1913-1960.
Cather, Willa, 1873-1947.
Catullus, Gaius Valerius.
Cervantes Saavedra, Miguel de, 1547-1616.
Chaucer, Geoffrey, d. 1400.
Chekhov, Anton Pavlovich, 1860-1904.
Chesterton, G. K. 1874-1936.
Chopin, Kate, 1850-1904.
Cicero, Marcus Tullius.
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 1772-1834.
Collins, Wilkie, 1824-1889.
Colum, Padraic, 1881-1972.
Congar, Yves, 1904-1995.
Congreve, William, 1670-1729.
Conrad, Joseph, 1857-1924.
Corneille, Pierre, 1606-1684.
Dante Alighieri, 1265-1321.
Darwin, Charles, 1809-1882.
Day, Dorothy, 1897-1980.
Dekker, Thomas, ca. 1572-1632.
Descartes, René, 1596-1650.
Dickens, Charles, 1812-1870.
Dickinson, Emily, 1830-1886.
Diderot, Denis, 1713-1784.
Dillard, Annie, b. 1945.
Dinesen, Isak (née Karen Blixen, 1885-1962).
Donne, John, 1572-1631.
Dostoyevsky, Fyodor, 1821-1881.
Dryden, John, 1631-1700.
Du Bois, W. E. B. 1868-1963.
Eddas, Norse (incl. Snorri Sturluson, 1179?-1241).
Eliot, George, 1819-1880.
Eliot, T. S. 1888-1965.
Epictetus.
Erasmus, Desiderius, d. 1536.
Euclid.
Euripides.
Everyman, and other English morality plays.
Faulkner, William, 1897-1962.
Federalist Papers, The.
Fitzgerald, F. Scott 1896-1940.
Flaubert, Gustave, 1821-1880.
Foucault, Michel, 1926-1984.
Francis, de Sales, Saint, 1567-1622.
Francis, Pope (née Jorge Bergoglio, b. 1936).
Freud, Sigmund, 1856-1939.
Frye, Northrop, 1912-1991.
Galilei, Galileo, 1564-1642.
Garrigou-Lagrange, Réginald, 1877-1964.
Gilson, Etienne, 1884-1978.
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832.
Gogolʹ, Nikolaĭ Vasilʹevich, 1809-1852.
Gordimer, Nadine, 1923-2014.
Grass, Günter, 1927-2015.
Greene, Graham, 1904-1991.
Gregory, Lady, 1852-1932.
Guardini, Romano, 1885-1968.
Heaney, Seamus, 1939-2013.
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 1770-1831.
Heidegger, Martin, 1889-1976.
Hemingway, Ernest, 1899-1961.
Herbert, George, 1593-1633.
Herodotus.
Hesiod.
Heschel, Abraham Joshua, 1907-1972.
Hesse, Hermann, 1877-1962.
Hobbes, Thomas, 1588-1679.
Hölderlin, Friedrich, 1770-1843.
Homer.
Hopkins, Gerard Manley, 1844-1889.
Horace.
Hume, David, 1711-1776.
Hurston, Zora Neale, 1891-1960.
Husserl, Edmund, 1859-1938.
Huxley, Aldous, 1894-1963.
Ibsen, Henrik, 1828-1906.
James, Henry, 1843-1916.
John of the Cross, Saint, 1542-1591.
John Paul II, Pope (née Karol Wojtyla, 1920-2005).
Johnson, Samuel, 1709-1784.
Joyce, James, 1882-1941.
Julian, of Norwich, b. 1343.
Juvenal.
Kafka, Franz, 1883-1924.
Kant, Immanuel, 1724-1804.
Keats, John, 1795-1821.
Kempe, Margery, b. ca. 1373.
Kermode, Frank, 1919-2010.
Kierkegaard, Søren, 1813-1855.
Knox, Ronald Arbuthnott, 1888-1957.
Kuhn, Thomas S., 1922-1996.
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, Freiherr von, 1646-1716.
León, Luis de, 1528?-1591.
Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim, 1729-1781.
Lewis, C. S. 1898-1963.
Livy.
Locke, John, 1632-1704.
Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, 1807-1882.
Vega, Lope de, 1562-1635.
Lubac, Henri de, 1896-1991.
Lucan.
Lucian, of Samosata.
Lucretius Carus, Titus.
Lyly, John, 1554?-1606.
MacDonald, George, 1824-1905.
Machiavelli, Niccolò, 1469-1527.
Maimonides, Moses, 1135-1204.
Mann, Thomas, 1875-1955.
Marcel, Gabriel, 1889-1973.
Marguerite, Queen, consort of Henry II, King of Navarre, 1492-1549.
Maritain, Jacques, 1882-1973.
Marlowe, Christopher, 1564-1593.
Martial.
Marvell, Andrew, 1621-1678.
Marx, Karl, 1818-1883.
Maugham, W. Somerset 1874-1965.
Maupassant, Guy de, 1850-1893.
Mauriac, François, 1885-1970.
Melville, Herman, 1819-1891.
Menander, of Athens.
Mill, John Stuart, 1806-1873.
Miller, Arthur, 1915-2005.
Milton, John, 1608-1674.
Molière, 1622-1673.
Montaigne, Michel de, 1533-1592.
More, Thomas, Sir, Saint, 1478-1535.
Morris, William, 1834-1896.
Murdoch, Iris, 1919-1999.
Nash, Thomas, 1567-1601.
Newman, John Henry, 1801-1890.
Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900.
Novalis, 1772-1801.
O'Connor, Flannery, 1925-1964.
O'Neill, Eugene, 1888-1953.
Orwell, George, 1903-1950.
Ovid.
Pascal, Blaise, 1623-1662.
Pearl, Gawain poems, and other Middle English romances.
Percy, Walker, 1916-1990.
Petrarch (Petrarca, Francesco, 1304-1374).
Petronius Arbiter.
Pico della Mirandola, Giovanni, 1463-1494.
Pieper, Josef, 1904-1997.
Pinckaers, Servais, 1925-2008.
Pindar.
Pinter, Harold, 1930-2008.
Plato.
Plautus, Titus Maccius
Plotinus.
Plutarch.
Pope, Alexander, 1688-1744.
Pound, Ezra, 1885-1972.
Pre-Socratic philosophers.
Pseudo-Dionysius, the Areopagite.
Pushkin, Aleksandr Sergeevich, 1799-1837.
Rabelais, François, ca. 1490-1553.
Racine, Jean, 1639-1699.
Rilke, Rainer Maria, 1875-1926.
Rimbaud, Arthur, 1854-1891.
Ronsard, Pierre de, 1524-1585.
Rossetti, Christina Georgina, 1830-1894.
Rossetti, Dante Gabriel, 1828-1882.
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 1712-1778.
Ruskin, John, 1819-1900.
Sartre, Jean Paul, 1905-1980.
Sassoon, Siegfried, 1886-1967.
Sayers, Dorothy L. 1893-1957.
Schiller, Friedrich, 1759-1805.
Schleiermacher, Friedrich, 1768-1834.
Seneca, Lucius Annaeus, ca. 4 B.C.-65 A.D.
Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616.
Shaw, Bernard, 1856-1950.
Sheed, F. J. 1897-1981.
Sheed, Wilfrid, 1930-2011.
Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft, 1797-1851.
Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 1792-1822.
Sidney, Philip, Sir, 1554-1586.
Smith, Adam, 1723-1790.
Solzhenit︠s︡yn, Aleksandr Isaevich, 1918-2008.
Song of Roland, and other French epic poetry.
Sophocles.
Spark, Muriel, 1918-2006.
Speyr, Adrienne von, 1902-1967.
Spinoza, Benedictus de, 1632-1677 (i.e., Baruch Spinoza).
Stein, Edith, Saint, 1891-1942 (i.e., Saint Teresa Benedicta of the Cross).
Steinbeck, John, 1902-1968.
Stendhal, 1783-1842.
Stoppard, Tom, b. 1937.
Swift, Jonathan, 1667-1745.
Tacitus, Cornelius.
Tate, Allen, 1899-1979.
Taylor, Charles M., b. 1931.
Tennyson, Alfred Tennyson, Baron, 1809-1892.
Terence.
Thomas, Aquinas, Saint, 1225?-1274.
Thompson, Francis, 1859-1907.
Thucydides.
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 1805-1859.
Tolkien, J. R. R. 1892-1973.
Tolstoy, Leo, graf, 1828-1910.
Torres Naharro, Bartolomé de, fl. 1517.
Trollope, Anthony, 1815-1882.
Turgenev, Ivan Sergeevich, 1818-1883.
Undset, Sigrid, 1882-1949.
Vicente, Gil, ca. 1470-ca. 1536.
Vico, Giambattista, 1668-1744.
Virgil.
Voltaire, 1694-1778.
Von Hildebrand, Dietrich, 1889-1977.
Ward, Maisie, 1889-1975.
Waugh, Evelyn, 1903-1966.
Weber, Max, 1864-1920.
Weil, Simone, 1909-1943.
Welty, Eudora, 1909-2001.
Wharton, Edith, 1862-1937.
Wilde, Oscar, 1854-1900.
Williams, Charles, 1886-1945.
Woolf, Virginia, 1882-1941.
Wordsworth, William, 1770-1850.
Yeats, W. B. 1865-1939.